Swimming pools
Before we briefly introduce the types of swimming pools, we would like to give you an assurance that we do not consider the swimming pool as a „tank full of water," but as a facility that is subject to specific technical and construction requirements. As every other facility, the swimming pool has its own characteristic mode of operation and need of periodic maintenance. Our attitude towards the water should be with due attention not only because of the fact that it satisfies our basic need, but also because it can be dangerous to our health when it does not meet certain norms and standards. We should be able to benefit from it and to enjoy it.
Regardless of whether the swimming pool is residential or commercial, indoors or outdoors, we design it according to your needs. With a view to the indication, which is used to classify them, we have tried to introduce you to the types of swimming pools, further down.
In accordance with the purpose, we can distinguish - entertainment pools - a combination of many and different areas for everyone, sport swimming pools, swimming pools for medical needs, balneological pools, aqua parks (wave pools, a complex of pools with slides and various water attractions), specialized pools, etc.
Another popular classification divides the swimming pools into community, private /family/, hotel etc.
According to the type of construction, the pools are made of reinforced concrete, reinforced concrete with permanent formwork, modules (module type - polyethylene, polypropylene, metal, wood, etc.), stainless steel pools, pools type "ready beds" (made of fiberglass and by the technology "ceramic core") and others.
Depending on the way of water supply, there are straight-flow pools and pools with circulating system for purification and disinfection of water, which is widely applied because of the multiple usages of water and its better qualities.
The type of final finish of the swimming pools` walls and bottom allows us to divide the pools to - pools coated with clinker tiles (the most durable tiling, which gives a beautiful vision to the pool); pools coated with glass mosaic tiles (the most popular tiling in Bulgaria); pools with PVC reinforced liner; pools with a paint final coating; pools coated with polymer modified cement and others.
One of the most important classifications is according to the flow sheet of feeding and leading of water from and to the swimming pool. The most common ones are with cross - water flow, with cross - water flow by the method of the turbulent flow, with vertical water movement and system for purification and disinfection of water in small swimming pools (type skimmers).
In the system with cross - water flow, the water is fed by evenly spread holes along the longitudinal walls of the pool. The leading of the water occurs simultaneously by the overflow channels and holes on the bottom, on the axis of the pool in proportion ½ or just by the overflow channels.
In the system of the turbulent flow (see diagram 1), the water is fed through the holes on both longitudinal sides of the pool, situated in chessboard order to one another. The aim is to form cone-shaped turbulent currents, which shall evenly cover the entire surface of the swimming pool. The leading of the water occurs by the overflow channels and bottom siphons. In case the swimming pool is wider than 15 meters to the flow sheet shall be added holes on the longitudinal axis of the pool.
The best indicators of water cleaning and disinfection are obtained at vertical flow. The water is fed through the nozzles, located on the bottom of the pool, and it is lead from the overflow channels and bottom siphons. This type mediates the formation of cone-shaped jets, which cause large surface exchange, and intensive mixing of the disinfectants. On the market, there are the so-called "self-cleaning nozzles" which rotate around their axis and clean the bottom of contaminants in their work area perimeter.
The system for water purification of small swimming pools is simple, economical, with limited hydraulic action and it is effectively enforced only in small (family) swimming pools. It consists of one or several holes (skimmer - diagram 3) for water skimming from the surface layer. The water level is about 10-15 cm below the edge of the pool. The skimmer is a hole with movable valve and net strainer to retain coarse particles. The pump creates vacuum behind the valve, which keeps the water level lower in the skimmer and thus the contaminated surface layer in the working perimeter of the skimmer is gradually enchanted. The abovementioned perimeter is within the region of 25-30 square meters and each skimmer has a capacity of approximately 5 cubic meters/h.
In case of the abovementioned scheme (see diagram 3), a bottom siphon is situated that helps the pump to suck part of the lower layers of the pool. The purified water is fed through nozzles, located generally on the opposite side of the skimmer. As a conclusion, we should note some advantages and disadvantages of the flow sheet:
• insufficient mixing of the water is obtained;
• large fluctuations on the water level;
• sedimentation on the walls along the water line;
• lower initial investment;
• user-friendly exploitation.
Regardless of whether the swimming pool is residential or commercial, indoors or outdoors, we design it according to your needs. With a view to the indication, which is used to classify them, we have tried to introduce you to the types of swimming pools, further down.
In accordance with the purpose, we can distinguish - entertainment pools - a combination of many and different areas for everyone, sport swimming pools, swimming pools for medical needs, balneological pools, aqua parks (wave pools, a complex of pools with slides and various water attractions), specialized pools, etc.
Another popular classification divides the swimming pools into community, private /family/, hotel etc.
According to the type of construction, the pools are made of reinforced concrete, reinforced concrete with permanent formwork, modules (module type - polyethylene, polypropylene, metal, wood, etc.), stainless steel pools, pools type "ready beds" (made of fiberglass and by the technology "ceramic core") and others.
Depending on the way of water supply, there are straight-flow pools and pools with circulating system for purification and disinfection of water, which is widely applied because of the multiple usages of water and its better qualities.
The type of final finish of the swimming pools` walls and bottom allows us to divide the pools to - pools coated with clinker tiles (the most durable tiling, which gives a beautiful vision to the pool); pools coated with glass mosaic tiles (the most popular tiling in Bulgaria); pools with PVC reinforced liner; pools with a paint final coating; pools coated with polymer modified cement and others.
One of the most important classifications is according to the flow sheet of feeding and leading of water from and to the swimming pool. The most common ones are with cross - water flow, with cross - water flow by the method of the turbulent flow, with vertical water movement and system for purification and disinfection of water in small swimming pools (type skimmers).
In the system with cross - water flow, the water is fed by evenly spread holes along the longitudinal walls of the pool. The leading of the water occurs simultaneously by the overflow channels and holes on the bottom, on the axis of the pool in proportion ½ or just by the overflow channels.
In the system of the turbulent flow (see diagram 1), the water is fed through the holes on both longitudinal sides of the pool, situated in chessboard order to one another. The aim is to form cone-shaped turbulent currents, which shall evenly cover the entire surface of the swimming pool. The leading of the water occurs by the overflow channels and bottom siphons. In case the swimming pool is wider than 15 meters to the flow sheet shall be added holes on the longitudinal axis of the pool.
The best indicators of water cleaning and disinfection are obtained at vertical flow. The water is fed through the nozzles, located on the bottom of the pool, and it is lead from the overflow channels and bottom siphons. This type mediates the formation of cone-shaped jets, which cause large surface exchange, and intensive mixing of the disinfectants. On the market, there are the so-called "self-cleaning nozzles" which rotate around their axis and clean the bottom of contaminants in their work area perimeter.
The system for water purification of small swimming pools is simple, economical, with limited hydraulic action and it is effectively enforced only in small (family) swimming pools. It consists of one or several holes (skimmer - diagram 3) for water skimming from the surface layer. The water level is about 10-15 cm below the edge of the pool. The skimmer is a hole with movable valve and net strainer to retain coarse particles. The pump creates vacuum behind the valve, which keeps the water level lower in the skimmer and thus the contaminated surface layer in the working perimeter of the skimmer is gradually enchanted. The abovementioned perimeter is within the region of 25-30 square meters and each skimmer has a capacity of approximately 5 cubic meters/h.
In case of the abovementioned scheme (see diagram 3), a bottom siphon is situated that helps the pump to suck part of the lower layers of the pool. The purified water is fed through nozzles, located generally on the opposite side of the skimmer. As a conclusion, we should note some advantages and disadvantages of the flow sheet:
• insufficient mixing of the water is obtained;
• large fluctuations on the water level;
• sedimentation on the walls along the water line;
• lower initial investment;
• user-friendly exploitation.